National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Changes in Thinking About Science: Parallels of M. Foucault's Concept of Episteme and T.S. Kuhn's Concept of Paradigm
Řeháček, Pavel ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Janas, Martin (referee)
This work is focused on introduction of two science theorists Michel Foucault and Thomas S. Kuhn and their concepts of science itself. The crucial concept of Michel Foucaults work is the episteme which can be understood as epistemological field which knowledge is enabled. Foucault puts this concept into the field of archaeology of knowledge which is a methodological tool for his research. Further in the work the term discourse is explained which is used as an information value of certain epoch. This work also structures Foucaults three historical times of episteme which are interdivided by discontinuities. In Thomas S. Kuhn perception the paradigm is the key concept. This concept is the pattern of scientific research of particular historical period and represents values and approaches to research. Paradigm works in normal science as a cycle in which the cumulation of problems - anomaly - is present. When the science reaches the point where explanation of anomalies is impossible the revolution of science takes place and the whole cycle starts again. The last part of this work compares these two crucial concepts.
Concept of science from antiquity to 20th century
Machula, Tomáš
The article deals with the basic stages of development of theories of science. It concentrates especially on the development from antiquity to modern period.

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